PATHOLOGIES
LUNG CANCER
Lung cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the lungs, the organs responsible for supplying oxygen to the body and expelling carbon dioxide. It is one of the most common and deadliest cancers globally, accounting for a significant percentage of cancer-related deaths. Lung cancer is categorized into two main types: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which makes up the majority of cases, and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), a more aggressive and fast-spreading form.
LUNG CANCER
The primary cause of lung cancer is smoking, with tobacco use linked to about 80–90% of cases. However, non-smokers are also at risk due to exposure to secondhand smoke, radon gas, asbestos, air pollution, and a family history of the disease. Common symptoms include persistent coughing, chest pain, shortness of breath, hoarseness, coughing up blood, fatigue, and unexplained weight loss. These symptoms often appear in the advanced stages, making early detection challenging.
Diagnosis typically involves imaging tests like X-rays and CT scans, followed by biopsy procedures to confirm the presence and type of cancer. Treatment options depend on the stage and type of lung cancer and may include surgery to remove tumors, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and newer approaches such as targeted therapy and immunotherapy.
Prevention plays a critical role in reducing lung cancer risk. Quitting smoking, avoiding exposure to harmful substances, and undergoing regular health screenings, especially for high-risk individuals, can significantly lower the chances of developing the disease. Early detection through advanced screening technologies improves treatment outcomes and survival rates, emphasizing the importance of proactive health management.
