PATHOLOGIES
SILENT ISCHEMIA
Silent ischemia is a condition where there is reduced blood flow and oxygen to the heart muscle, similar to other forms of ischemia, but without the typical symptoms of chest pain or discomfort. This lack of symptoms makes silent ischemia particularly dangerous, as individuals may be unaware they have a potentially serious heart problem until complications, such as a heart attack, occur. Silent ischemia is often discovered incidentally during tests like an electrocardiogram (ECG), stress test, or heart imaging conducted for other reasons.
SILENT ISCHEMIA
The condition is usually caused by coronary artery disease (CAD), where plaque buildup in the arteries restricts blood flow. Risk factors include high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol, smoking, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and a family history of heart disease. Individuals with a previous heart attack or episodes of angina are also at a higher risk.
Despite its lack of symptoms, silent ischemia can have serious consequences, as the underlying problem—reduced blood flow—can damage the heart muscle over time. Diagnosis often involves routine screening for individuals with known risk factors, such as stress tests or continuous ECG monitoring.
Treatment focuses on managing the underlying cause, typically coronary artery disease, to prevent further damage or complications. Medications such as beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, nitrates, and antiplatelet drugs may be prescribed to improve blood flow and reduce the risk of a heart attack. Lifestyle changes, including a heart-healthy diet, regular exercise, quitting smoking, and stress management, are also essential components of treatment.
Because silent ischemia is symptomless, regular check-ups and monitoring are critical for individuals at risk. Early detection and proactive management can help reduce the likelihood of severe cardiovascular events and improve long-term heart health.
