PATHOLOGIES
COLORECTAL CANCER
Colorectal cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the colon or rectum, which are parts of the digestive system. The colon is responsible for absorbing water and nutrients from food, while the rectum stores waste before it is expelled from the body. This cancer often begins as small growths called polyps in the lining of the colon or rectum, which can become cancerous over time if not detected and removed.
COLORECTAL CANCER
Risk factors for colorectal cancer include age (most cases occur in people over 50), a family history of the disease, inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn’s or ulcerative colitis, obesity, a diet high in red or processed meats, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption. Symptoms may include changes in bowel habits, rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, fatigue, unintended weight loss, and a feeling that the bowel doesn’t empty completely.
Diagnosis involves screening tests such as colonoscopies, which can detect and remove polyps before they become cancerous. Other diagnostic tools include fecal blood tests, CT scans, and biopsies to confirm the presence of cancer.
Treatment depends on the cancer’s stage and location and may involve surgery to remove the affected area, chemotherapy to kill cancer cells, radiation therapy, or targeted therapies for advanced cases. Early detection is critical, as colorectal cancer is highly treatable in its early stages.
Preventive measures include regular screenings starting at age 45 or earlier for high-risk individuals, a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, regular exercise, and avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol. Awareness and proactive health management can significantly reduce the risk of colorectal cancer and improve outcomes.
