PATHOLOGIES
PANCREATIC CANCER
Pancreatic cancer is a serious disease that develops in the pancreas, a gland located behind the stomach that plays a critical role in digestion and blood sugar regulation. The pancreas produces enzymes to aid in breaking down food and hormones like insulin to regulate blood sugar levels. The most common type of pancreatic cancer is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, which originates in the cells lining the pancreatic ducts.
PANCREATIC CANCER
Risk factors for pancreatic cancer include smoking, obesity, chronic pancreatitis, diabetes, family history of the disease, and certain genetic mutations. Symptoms often do not appear until the cancer is in advanced stages, making early detection challenging. Common symptoms include abdominal pain radiating to the back, jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), unintended weight loss, loss of appetite, nausea, and fatigue.
Diagnosing pancreatic cancer involves imaging tests such as CT scans, MRIs, or endoscopic ultrasounds. Blood tests may also detect tumor markers like CA 19-9, though these are not always conclusive. A biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment options depend on the stage of the disease and may include surgery (such as the Whipple procedure to remove part of the pancreas), chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and targeted therapies. For advanced cases, palliative care focuses on managing symptoms and improving quality of life.
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most challenging cancers to treat due to its rapid progression and late-stage diagnosis. However, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, managing risk factors, and staying vigilant about unusual symptoms can aid in early detection and potentially improve outcomes. Research into new treatments and early diagnostic tools continues to offer hope.
