PATHOLOGIES
Peripheral Aneurysm
A peripheral aneurysm is a bulging or weakening in the wall of a blood vessel located outside the chest or abdomen, often occurring in arteries that supply blood to the arms, legs, or other extremities. The most common locations for peripheral aneurysms are the popliteal artery (behind the knee), femoral artery (in the groin), and less commonly, the carotid, subclavian, or upper extremity arteries.
Peripheral Aneurysm
Unlike aortic aneurysms, peripheral aneurysms rarely rupture. However, they can cause serious complications due to the potential for blood clots to form inside the aneurysm. These clots can obstruct blood flow to downstream tissues, leading to ischemia (reduced blood flow) or embolism (clot travel), which can cause severe damage to affected limbs or organs.
Risk factors include atherosclerosis (plaque buildup), smoking, high blood pressure, advanced age, and connective tissue disorders. Men and individuals with a history of aneurysms, including aortic aneurysms, are at higher risk.
Symptoms of peripheral aneurysms depend on their size and location. Many remain asymptomatic and are discovered during imaging for other conditions. However, larger aneurysms may cause a pulsating lump, pain, or swelling in the affected area. If blood flow is obstructed, symptoms like numbness, weakness, or coldness in the limb may occur.
Diagnosis involves physical examination, ultrasound, CT scans, or MRIs to confirm the presence and assess the severity of the aneurysm.
Treatment options depend on the size and risk of complications. Smaller aneurysms may be monitored regularly, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often require surgical intervention, such as open repair or endovascular stenting. Preventive measures, including managing risk factors like smoking cessation and controlling blood pressure, are crucial for reducing the likelihood of complications. Early detection and treatment improve outcomes significantly.
