Ureteral stones

Symptoms include sudden, severe pain in the lower back, abdomen, or groin, nausea, vomiting, blood in the urine (hematuria), and urinary urgency or difficulty. In some cases, fever and chills may indicate a secondary infection.

Diagnosis typically involves imaging tests, such as CT scans, X-rays, or ultrasounds, to locate the stone and assess its size and degree of obstruction.

Treatment depends on the stone’s size and location. Small stones often pass naturally with the help of increased hydration, pain management, and medications like alpha-blockers to relax the ureter and facilitate passage. Larger stones may require interventions such as shock wave lithotripsy (SWL), ureteroscopy with laser lithotripsy, or, in severe cases, surgical removal.

Preventing ureteral stones involves measures similar to kidney stone prevention, including staying hydrated, reducing dietary sodium, and managing underlying conditions. For those prone to recurrent stones, additional testing and personalized treatment plans can help reduce the risk of future occurrences.